The chart below, which I've borrowed from here, gives us a nice picture of where we are and where we're going. I can't say that I endorse all of the notes. In any case, big names on the horizon!
Person or Event | Flourished | Notes |
---|---|---|
Apostolic Fathers, those whom tradition says knew the apostles | ||
Author of the Epistle of Barnabas | 70–130 | Anonymous. |
Author of the Didache | 80–120 | Anonymous. |
Clement of Rome | 85–100 | Bishop of Rome. Traditional author of several letters, which assert apostolic succession. |
Ignatius | 85?–115 | Bishop of Antioch. Student of the apostle John and friend of Polycarp. Author of seven letters, about which there is much dispute. Advocate of episcopal supremacy. Creates the cult of martyrs, and coins the term catholic. |
Papias | 95–120 or 110–140 | Bishop of Hierapolis. Student of John and companion to Polycarp. Only known by quotations in later Fathers |
Author of the Shepherd of Hermas | 100–160 | Anonymous. |
Polycarp | 100–155/165 | Bishop of Smyrna. Student of John and companion to Papias. Reluctant martyr. |
Cerinthus | 100 | Early Gnostic. Supposed opponent of the evangelist John. |
2nd Century | ||
Basilides | 120–140 | Early Gnostic. |
Valentinus | 135–165 | Early Gnostic. |
Marcion | 140–160 | First to compile a canon for the NT. Marcion broke from mainstream Christianity when the Roman Jesus club rejected his proposed canon. He constructed his own canon, consisting of an abridged version of Luke, and some of Paul's letters. His organisation vexed the other Jesus clubs for centuries. |
Justin Martyr | 150–165 | Prolific apologist and exegete, the most important thinker between Paul and Origen. |
Melito | 150–180 | Bishop of Sardis. First Christian to refer to the Jewish scriptures as the OT. |
Irenaeus | 150–200 | Bishop of Lyon. Knew Polycarp as a boy. Author of the massive work Against the Heretics, which provides us with invaluable information about earliest Christianity. |
Tatian | 160–185 | Compiler of the Diatessaron, a synthesis of the four gospels. |
Clement of Alexandria | 180–215 | Theologian. Influenced by Hellenistic philosophy |
3rd Century | ||
Origen | 200–250 | Compiled the Hexapla. First Christian Bible scholar. |
Tertullian | 200–240 | First Christian author to produce an extensive corpus of Latin Christian literature. Later converted to Montanism. |
Cyprian of Carthage | 245–260 | Pre-eminent Latin writer of Western Christianity until Jerome and Augustine. |
4th Century | ||
Edict of Toleration | 313 | Christianity legalised. |
Eusebius | 310–340 | Bishop of the old Roman capital of Judea, Caesarea Maritima. Important Church historian. His works are often the sole source we have for earlier church fathers. |
Council of Nicaea | 325 | Basic creed of Christianity established. |
Athanasius | 330–375 | Patriarch of Alexandria. |
Ambrose | 375–395 | Bishop of Milan. Major influence on church-state relations through the Middle Ages. |
Edict of Thessalonica | 380 | Christianity made the state religion. |
5th Century | ||
Jerome | 380–420 | Compiler of the Latin Vulgate. Correspondent of Augustine. |
Augustine | 390–430 | Bishop of Hippo. Most influential theologian of all the Fathers in the West. |
John Chrysostom | 390–407 | Patriarch of Constantinople. Greatest preacher of the Fathers. |